Abstract Samuel Bacena Dulay
In this thesis, a simple, low cost, portable, multiplexing capable and sensitive electrochemical biosensor was developed for rapid and reliable detection of biowarfare agents for different situations like homeland security, military operations, public transportation securities such as airports, metro and railway stations. In the development of immunosensor, different surface chemistry using antibody fragments or whole antibodies were explored for bacterial cells detection. The detection of anti-Francisella tularensis antibodies in animal serum samples known to be infected with tularemia was also explored. The results obtained were compared to that obtained using ELISA methods with a good degree of correlation. In the development of multiplexed DNA biosensor, simultaneous detection of eight (8) virulent species using a sensor array was developed using different designs of capture probes. The developed multiplexed biosensor array and immunosensor for detecting bacterial cells were integrated with microfluidics housed in a tester set-up device. The search to improve sensitivity and lower limit of detection of a DNA biosensor was achieved using a nanotemplating method for a better probe distribution enhancing hybridisation efficiency. Different phases of the surfactant octaethylene glycol monohexadecyl ether were used as templates. Fluorescence and atomic force microscopy as well as electrochemistry were used to evaluate the modified surfaces of gold electrode. Overall, this work constitutes a complete overview of the development of electrochemical biosensors for the detection of bacterial cells of F. tularensis, anti-F. tularensis antibodies as well a highly sensitive and selective multiplexed DNA biosensor array for the detection of PCR products.
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