STUDY OF BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS ON IN VITRO AND IN VIVO MODELS
Biomaterials play a substantial role in the health care industry. Each year, the number of medical devices used in humans is estimated to be around 1.5 million individual devices, according to the World Health Organization, with about 10 000 types of generic device groups available worldwide. As new devices emerge, the topic of the biocompatibility of these materials becomes more relevant.
This thesis studies biocompatibility of biomaterials and their interaction with tissues and cells combining in vitro and in vivo models. The studied biomaterials are classified in synthetic (polymers, silicon, titanium, and alloys) and nature-derived biomaterials, which in turn, classify in xenogenic, derived from natural materials but foreign for the organism and autologous biomaterials, derived from the tissues of the same organism.
In the case of synthetic materials, it was shown how different functionalization strategies of surfaces (in particular, the effect of protein coating and surface topography) affect mammalian cell response. Autologous biomaterials were represented by platelet rich fibrin (PRF), derived from the blood of the patient. Their potential as implantable system was studied in vitro and in vivo. PRF matrixes were characterized by growth factors storage capacity and release as well as their cellular retention. In regard to xenogenic biomaterials, cell permeation and liquid absorption into different collagen membranes were studied in vitro, while evaluation of the host’s tissue response was studied with in vivo implantation model. Results show that all tested collagen membranes were biocompatible, showcasing the formation of new blood vessels regardless of the presence of multinucleated giant cells.
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